Which of the following best illustrates the concept of "generalized others"?

The concept of "generalized others" refers to the collective attitudes, values, and expectations of a society or community that individuals internalize as part of their socialization process. This concept helps individuals understand how they are perceived in the context of larger social structures, beyond immediate relationships.

The correct choice emphasizes societal expectations and norms as these are derived from the collective experiences and beliefs of a group rather than from one-on-one interactions. These shared norms shape an individual's understanding of acceptable behavior and roles within a community, providing a broader framework through which individuals can navigate their social environments.

In contrast, the other options concern more specific influences. Parental teachings are indeed influential but represent a more immediate and personal source of guidance. A mentor’s advice is a direct and individualized form of support, focused on one person's influence. Friends' opinions on lifestyle also highlight a personal relationship dynamic rather than broader societal norms. Therefore, the choice that illustrates "generalized others" effectively encompasses the wider societal context.