What do paradigms in communication carry with them?

Paradigms in communication are foundational models or frameworks that shape our understanding of communication processes. They carry a set of assumptions about knowledge, which includes beliefs about how communication works, how meaning is created, and how individuals relate to one another through communicative acts. This understanding is deeply embedded in our interactions and helps guide our interpretation of messages and the roles individuals play in communication.

The other options do not encapsulate the concept of paradigms as effectively. While they may touch on certain aspects of communication, they do not fundamentally represent the conceptual framework that paradigms provide. For example, suggesting that paradigms offer a definitive way to communicate simplifies the complexity of communication processes, which can vary greatly across contexts and cultures. Similarly, implying that there are rigorous rules for behavior overlooks the flexibility and adaptability inherent in human communication. Lastly, focusing solely on emotional expression limits the scope of what paradigms encompass, as they are concerned with broader theories and assumptions rather than just emotional aspects.