What are reflected appraisals?

Reflected appraisals refer to the idea that individuals form their self-image based on how they believe others perceive them. This concept emphasizes the influence of social interactions and the perceptions of significant others, such as family, friends, and peers, on one’s self-esteem and identity. When individuals receive feedback—whether verbal or non-verbal—from others, they internalize that feedback, shaping their perception of themselves.

For instance, if a person frequently receives positive reinforcement from friends about their talents, they are likely to view themselves more positively in that context. This process underlines the importance of social feedback in personal development and self-concept, illustrating how our identities are not formed in isolation but are instead reflective of the ways we think we are seen by those around us.